Bio.Clear™ Endotox-LV has been developed to support liver function and bile production and flow, which also helps the clearance of endotoxins [lipopolysaccharides (LPS)]. This formula contains hepatoprotective and choleretic (increasing bile) botanicals such as hibiscus, burdock, spirulina, chlorella, milk thistle, dandelion and artichoke. Selenium has been added to support our endogenous antioxidant systems. Supporting liver function and LPS clearance Bio.ClearTM Endotox-LV has been developed to support liver function and bile production and flow, which also helps the clearance of endotoxins [lipopolysaccharides (LPS)]. Background Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), also referred to as endotoxins, are large molecules that consist of a lipid and polysaccharide joined together.

They are an important constituent of gram-negative bacteria and cyanobacteria cell walls, and are released in large numbers when the cell is broken down or the colony grows in large amounts (1). LPS bind to toll-like receptors, especially the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4). When bound to TLR-4 receptors, LPS induce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines nitric oxide, and eicosanoids via tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin beta (IL-β)(2). TLR4 is found in many cell types, but especially in monocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells. Small amounts of LPS are always present in the blood stream and play an important role in building our innate immunity (3). In large quantities, LPS are so effective at inducing inflammation in the body, that they are often the basis of creating inflammatory models in research trials (4). LPS exposure at its worst can lead to septicaemia, but they are also indicated as a driving factor in many other inflammatory disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, liver and renal diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, autoimmunity and neurodegenerative disorders, amongst others (1,5–8). LPS are treated as lipoproteins by the body, and are cleared primarily through the liver, where Kupffer cells and hepatocytes contribute the major effort (9,10). People with liver pathology have been shown to have a higher amount of circulating LPS due to reduced liver functioning and increased intestinal permeability (6,11). Supporting appropriate liver function, bile production and clearance is a way of supporting LPS clearance from the body and reducing related inflammation.